Understanding Vector and Raster File Types
Have you ever tried to print a banner with your logo on it and it came out blurry? Or have you ever tried to upload a logo to your website, but the browser won’t allow that file type? Understanding vector and raster and the distinct differences between the two will solve those problems and more!
Vector
File Formats: PDF, EPS, SVG, Ai
*The file formats above do not guarantee a vector graphic
Vector graphics consist of anchored dots and are connected by lines and curves. Because these graphics are not based on pixels, they are known as resolution independent, which makes them infinitely scalable. Their lines are sharp, without any loss in quality or detail, no matter what the size. These graphics are also device-independent, which means their quality doesn't depend on the number of dots available on a printer or the number of pixels on a screen.
What does this mean?
This means you could put your vector logo on the largest banner possible, blowing it up bigger than you could imagine, and it would never get blurry!
When to use vector
Vector graphics should be used for print items whenever possible. They can even better for digital applications if the logo needs to be enlarged. Keep in mind, vector files are typically larger in size so that is why they are not the best option for web.
Raster
File Formats: PNG, JPG, GIF, Psd
Raster images are made of pixels or tiny dots to produce an image. Pixels appear like little squares on graph paper when you zoomed in or the image is enlarged. Each image can only contain a fixed number of pixels; the amount of pixels determines the quality of the image. This is known as resolution. More pixels result in better quality, but also increases the file size. The lower the number of pixels, the lower the resolution. Resolution limits the size the image can be scaled up without being able to see pixels.
What does this mean?
Raster Graphics will look pixelated when enlarged beyond an appropriate amount. There are different perameters for different types of media. The most common two: print—should be 300 ppi (pixels per inch) and web—should be 72 dpi (dots per inch).
When to use Raster
Raster graphics and logos should be used on websites. Due to their smaller file size, they will not bog down your website. Raster graphics may be used for other applications as long as they meet minimum resolution recommendations. Your designer will be able to know this information.
